“The army is the glory of the Emperor”; evolution of military power in the Roman East (Part 1)

Don’t allow your army to be broken up or to become poor, or you will become poor yourself, and consider yourself very wretched. The army is the glory of the Emperor, and the power of the palace. For, if there is no army, the state (Treasury) cannot stand firm, but anyone who wants to will by all means oppose you. Endeavour, at all times, (to see) that the fleet grows, and that you have it at full strength; for the fleet is the glory of the Roman realm”. (lines from the late 11th century so-called Strategikon of Kekaumenos) Continue reading ““The army is the glory of the Emperor”; evolution of military power in the Roman East (Part 1)”

Paul of Aegina; the first routine laminectomy in recorded History

This review emphasizes the role of Paul of Aegina in the history of surgery and his influence on the subsequent medicine and surgery of Islam, proving that he was not only a carrier of the knowledge discovered by his predecessors (Hippocrates, Galen, etc.), but also he expanded the horizons of surgery of his time, using his talent to perform very complicated surgery with favorite outcomes in a variety of diseases in many fields of medicine. Continue reading “Paul of Aegina; the first routine laminectomy in recorded History”

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