Byzantine Christianity and the Magyars in the period of their migration

“In his account of the military organization of the Turks (= Magyars), the Byzantine Emperor Leo the Sage repeatedly compares the Magyars with the Bulgarians, and in doing so emphasises that the customs of the Magyars differed from those of the Bulgarians only in so far as the latter had embraced the Christian religion and, adapting themselves to Byzantine morals, had abandoned both their savage and nomadic characteristics and their paganism.’ Continue reading “Byzantine Christianity and the Magyars in the period of their migration”

Popular and Aristocratic cultural trends in the Eastern Roman (‘Byzantine’) Empire

Byzantine tendencies toward urbanization and feudalization and the concomitant economic development in the provinces in the eleventh and twelfth centuries certainly affected contemporary culture, although different sectors of society reacted in distinct ways. Ιn Byzantium the peasantry and craft-working classes have left few traces. Continue reading “Popular and Aristocratic cultural trends in the Eastern Roman (‘Byzantine’) Empire”

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