Contrary to the development of intensive agriculture in the middle and lower Yangtze basins, subsistence strategies in Lingnan-Fujian and southwest China after the early Neolithic continued with a heavy emphasis on fishing and hunting. The first direct evidence for farming appeared only in the late phase of the late Neolithic, after 3500 B. C., apparently as a result of farming dispersal from the Yangtze basin. As with the Yangtze basin, we also divide the Neolithic cultures of the Lingnan-Fujian region and southwest China into four phases. Continue reading “The Neolithic of Southern China – Lingman-Fujian region”
The Neolithic of Southern China – Middle and Lower Yangtze River basin
Sandwiched between the Yellow River and Mainland Southeast Asia, southern China lies centrally within eastern Asia. This geographical area can be divided into three geomorphological terrains: the middle and lower Yangtze alluvial plain, the Lingnan (southern Nanling Mountains)-Fujian region, and the Yungui Plateau. During the past 30 years, abundant archaeological discoveries have stimulated a rethinking of the role of southern China in the prehistory of China and Southeast Asia. Continue reading “The Neolithic of Southern China – Middle and Lower Yangtze River basin”
The negative Eastern Roman (‘Byzantine’) attitude towards a conception of warfare as a divinely ordained means of religion
The concept of ‘holy war’ is defined and distinguished by two core ideas: First, by the idea that warfare is arbitrarily justified as divine order, i.e. command; second, that warfare is perceived and propagated as a means of religion employed against infidels or heretics, thus granting the believer-warriors absolution and sanctification. Continue reading “The negative Eastern Roman (‘Byzantine’) attitude towards a conception of warfare as a divinely ordained means of religion”
Christian (Eastern Roman Empire)-Muslim (Turkish) relations through the works of Nicetas Choniates (1155-1217 A.D.)
Nicetas Choniates – a short biography
Nicetas was born in Chōnai, in Phrygia (hence his name Chōniates, sometimes incorrectly given as Akominatos or Acominatus), in about 1155. Continue reading “Christian (Eastern Roman Empire)-Muslim (Turkish) relations through the works of Nicetas Choniates (1155-1217 A.D.)”
Art in the Eastern Roman Empire
A nation’s tastes and mentality are nowhere more clearly preserved than in its arts. These embody its loftiest ambitions and most telling achievements. Continue reading “Art in the Eastern Roman Empire”
Medieval Mediterranean Slave Trade – Slaves in the Eastern Roman (‘Byzantine’) World
Slavery has existed throughout history in different parts of the world and in different civilizations. Continue reading “Medieval Mediterranean Slave Trade – Slaves in the Eastern Roman (‘Byzantine’) World”